Vine

Vine

Most important vine varieties:

  • Vitis vinifera : the main Eurasian species

  • American vines : 3 species native to North America and resistant to Phylloxera

Within each vine variety, there are different types of grapes (Merlot, Chardonnay, Gamay, Carignan, etc.).

Since the arrival of phylloxera (this insect destroys roots) in Europe in the 19th century, vine plants have mainly been obtained by grafting. This propagation system consists in attaching a graft to a rootstock. American varieties, which were highly resistant to phylloxera, were used as rootstocks and European varieties as grafts. This technique allowed us to combine the quality of French grape varieties with the resistance to this parasite of American vines.

Wineset level 2: Study Guide

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My little tips 🤫😉

  • Tip #1: Strategically organize your study time
  • Tip #2: Make revision sheets that summarize all the knowledge
  • Tip #3: Practice

Learning outcome 1: understand the environmental influences and grape-growing options in the vineyard and how these will impact the style and quality of wine

  • Vine
  • The needs of the vine
  • Composition of a grape
  • Stages of grape formation and ripening
  • Environmental factors in vines
  • Viticulture
  • Understanding the label

Learning outcome 2: understand how winemaking and bottle ageing influence the style and quality of wine

  • Alcoholic fermentation process
  • White wine-making process
  • Red and Rosé wine-making process
  • Maturation

Learning Outcome 3: Understand how environmental influences, grape-growing options, winemaking and bottle ageing influence the style and quality of wines made from the principal grape varieties.

  • CHARDONNAY
  • PINOT NOIR
  • CABERNET SAUVIGNON & MERLOT
  • SAUVIGNON BLANC
  • SYRAH/SHIRAZ
  • RIESLING
  • PINOT GRIS/PINOT GRIGIO

Learning Outcome 4 (1): Know the style and quality of wines produced from regionally important black grape varieties.

  • GAMAY
  • GRENACHE/GARNACHA
  • TEMPRANILLO
  • NEBBIOLO
  • BARBERA
  • SANGIOVESE
  • CORVINA
  • MONTEPULCIANO
  • PRIMITIVO/ZINFANDEL
  • PINOTAGE
  • CARMENERE
  • MALBEC

Learning Outcome 4 (2): Know the style and quality of wines produced from regionally important white grape varieties.

  • CHENIN BLANC
  • SEMILLON
  • VIOGNER
  • GEWURZTRAMINER
  • VERDICCHIO
  • CORTESE
  • GARGANEGA
  • FIANO
  • ALBARINO
  • FURMINT

Learning Outcome 5 (1) : Understand how the production process can influence the styles of sparkling wines.

  • The principle
  • The fermentation in the bottle
  • The traditional method
  • Transfer method
  • The fermentation in closed tanks

Learning Outcome 5 (2): Understand how the production process can influence the styles of sweet wines.

  • The principle
  • The methods

Learning Outcome 5 (3): Understand how the production process can influence the styles of fortified wines.

  • The principle
  • XÉRÈS/SHERRY
  • PORTO

Learning Outcome 6: Understand the key principles and processes involved in the storage and service of wine, and in the pairing of food and wine

  • The ideal conditions for tasting
  • The systematic approach
  • Food and wine pairing
  • Wine conservation
  • Operating temperature
  • Opening the bottle
  • Decanting
  • The most common defects
  • Preservation